Applications: Ubiquitin-Separopore® 4B is useful for binding the ubiquitin activation enzyme (E1), ubiquitin carrier enzymes (E2s), ubiquitin ligases (E3s) and ubiquitin-terminal hydrolyases. Ubiquitin-Separopore® 4B is used in affinity chromatography to study enzymes involved in intracellular protein degradation, calpain and lysosomal proteases, proteomics, and ubiquitination analysis. Ubiquitin- Separopore® 4B has been used in a study to produce evidence for a particulate location of ubiquitin conjugates and ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes in the rabbit brain. Ubiquitin- Separopore® 4B has also been used to study fertilization of the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi. Ubiquitin is covalently linked to Separopore® beads via primary amine coupling leaving the C-terminus free.